Extract Model Residuals

Extract residuals for a given submodel from a ubmsFit object. Residuals are calculated separately for each submodel using the posterior predictive distribution of the latent state z, following Wright et al. (2019).

# S4 method for class 'ubmsFit'
residuals(object, submodel, draws = NULL, ...)

Arguments

object

A fitted model of class ubmsFit

submodel

Submodel to get residuals for, for example "det"

draws

An integer indicating the number of draws to return. The default and maximum number of draws is the size of the posterior sample.

...

Currently ignored

Value

A matrix of residual values with dimension draws by observations. Note that calculation of residuals for the detection submodel is conditional on \(z > 0\), so residuals for an observation in a posterior draw where \(z = 0\) are assigned value NA (Wright et al. 2019).

References

Wright, W. J., Irvine, K. M., & Higgs, M. D. (2019). Identifying occupancy model inadequacies: can residuals separately assess detection and presence? Ecology, 100(6), e02703.